- tdwg-content - lists.tdwg.org

Job Opportunity at iDigBio with the Digitization/Workforce Training Team at FSU
by Deborah Paul 05 Jun '19

05 Jun '19

Hello Everyone, We're seeking a new team member at iDigBio for the Digitization and Workforce Development branch of the project. Our group is located at Florida State University in Tallahassee. If you would like to work with the natural science collections community to collaboratively develop, deliver, and support digitization, capacity, and community-building activities, please apply. Perhaps you have a unique discipline-specific background (e.g. ecology), but also experience with collections and training. Some facility with R or Python and wiki experience would also be useful as we do a lot of workshops and other outreach to increase data management/use skills in the collections, research, and related communities. Help us continue and enhance the work we do within the Advancing the Digitization of Biodiversity Collections (ADBC), an NSF-funded biocollections data mobilization program supporting biodiversity data use in scientific research, education, outreach, policy, agriculture, and industry. Read more and to apply: Go to https://jobs.fsu.edu then Browse Job Openings search: 45273 (or try this link<https://jobs.omni.fsu.edu/psc/sprdhr_er/EMPLOYEE/HRMS/c/HRS_HRAM_FL.HRS_CG_…>) Contact for more information: Deborah Paul (dpaul(a)fsu.edu<mailto:dpaul@fsu.edu>) -- -- Upcoming iDigBio Events https://www.idigbio.org/calendar -- Deborah Paul, iDigBio Digitization and Workforce Training Specialist iDigBio -- Steering Committee Member SPNHC Liaison, Member-At-Large and Member International Relations Committee SYNTHESYS3 Representative, ICEDIG External Advisory Board Member Vice Chair, Biodiversity Information Standards Organisation (TDWG)(2019-2020) Institute for Digital Information, 234 LSB Florida State University Tallahassee, Florida 32306 850-644-6366

1 0

URGENT (deadline 8. April noon UTC): Please become an initial signatory of the international ScientistsForFuture support letter for the climate protesters (to be published in a top scientific journal)
by Markus Döring 06 Apr '19

06 Apr '19

Dear people of TDWG, please consider to quickly sign this forwarded petition from our friend TDWG Gregor Hagedorn in support of climate strikers and urge governments to take actions. If you can, please also share it with other scientists. With thanks, Markus Begin forwarded message: From: Gregor Hagedorn <g.m.hagedorn(a)gmail.com<mailto:g.m.hagedorn@gmail.com>> Subject: URGENT (deadline 8. April noon UTC): Please become an initial signatory of the international ScientistsForFuture support letter for the climate protesters (to be published in a top scientific journal) Date: 5. April 2019 at 23:37:17 CEST To: Gregor Hagedorn <g.m.hagedorn(a)gmail.com<mailto:g.m.hagedorn@gmail.com>> Dear Colleague, I invite you to become an initial signatory of the ScientistsForFuture (International) letter. (The letter will be published in a top scientific journal, with the list of initial signatories attached.) We, an alliance of scientists and scholars who have previously written similar national or regional letters, invite – scholars, researchers, and scientists from all disciplines, – active as well as formerly active. We will solve the sustainability and climate crisis only by widespread collaboration. If you have previously signed a similar letter, we encourage you to sign again (and apologize). We cannot transfer signatures from earlier letters. Even though there are many similarities, the letters are ultimately different. Please SHARE and encourage other trusted colleagues and friends, who are scholars or scientists, to sign (e. g., please forward this letter). We would like to have initial signatories from as many countries as possible – please think whether you can help to find signatories from other countries in the world! PLEASE SIGN HERE: https://twitter.us20.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=2de01bae722e6edd723033568&… (The text of the letter is shown there and also at the bottom of this mail) Sincerely, Gregor Hagedorn, Peter Kalmus, Michael Mann, Sara Vicca, Joke Van den Berge, Jean-Pascal van Ypersele, Dominique Bourg, Jan Rotmans, Roope Kaaronen, Stefan Rahmstorf, Helga Kromp-Kolb, Gottfried Kirchengast, Reto Knutti, Sonia I. Seneviratne, Philippe Thalmann, Raven Cretney, Alison Green, Kevin Anderson, Martin Hedberg, Douglas Nilsson, Amita Kuttner, Katharine Hayhoe ___________________________________________________ Letter/Statement: The Concerns of young protesters are justified The world’s youth have begun to persistently demonstrate for the protection of the climate and other foundations of human well-being. As scientists and scholars who have recently initiated similar letters of support in our countries, we call for our colleagues across all disciplines and from the entire world to support these young climate protesters. We declare: Their concerns are justified and supported by the best available science. The current measures for protecting the climate and biosphere are deeply inadequate. By signing the Paris Agreement of 2015, all nation states committed under international law to keep global warming well below 2°C. In addition, all countries have promised efforts to limit global warming to 1.5°C. The scientific community has clearly concluded that a global warming of 2°C instead of 1.5°C would substantially increase climate-related impacts and the risk of some becoming irreversible. Moreover, given the uneven distribution of most impacts, 2°C of warming would further exacerbate existing global inequalities. It is critical to immediately begin a rapid reduction in CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions. The degree of climate crisis that humanity will experience in the future will be determined by our cumulative emissions; rapid reduction now will limit the damage. For example, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has recently assessed that halving CO2 emissions by 2030 (relative to 2010 levels) and globally achieving net-zero CO2 emissions by 2050 (as well as strong reductions in other greenhouse gases) would allow a 50% chance of staying below 1.5°C of warming. Considering that industrialized countries produced more of and benefited more from previous emissions, they have an ethical responsibility to achieve this transition more quickly than the world as a whole. Many social, technological, and nature-based solutions already exist. The young protesters rightfully demand that these solutions be used to achieve a sustainable society. Without bold and focused action, their future is in critical danger. There is no time to wait until they are in power. Politicians have the huge responsibility of creating the necessary framework conditions in a timely manner. Policies are needed to make climate-friendly and sustainable action simple and cost-effective, and climate-damaging action unattractive and expensive. Examples include effective CO2 prices and regulations; cessation of subsidies for climate-damaging actions and products; efficiency standards; social innovations; and massive, directed investment in solutions such as renewable energy, cross-sector electrification, and public transport infrastructure. A socially fair distribution of the costs and benefits of climate action will require deliberate attention, but it is both possible and essential. The enormous grassroots mobilization of the youth climate movement—variously known as e.g. Fridays for Future, School (or Youth) Strike 4 Climate, Youth for (or 4) Climate, Youth Climate Strike—shows that young people understand the situation. We approve and support their demand for rapid and forceful action. We see it as our social, ethical, and scholarly responsibility to state in no uncertain terms: Only if humanity acts quickly and resolutely can we limit global warming, halt the ongoing mass extinction of animal and plant species, and preserve the natural basis for the food supply and well-being of present and future generations. This is what the young people want to achieve. They deserve our respect and full support. _______________________________________

1 0

Call for abstracts deadline extended for Biodiversity_Next
by Kampmeier, Gail E 21 Mar '19

21 Mar '19

The deadline for the Call for Abstracts<https://biodiversitynext.org/call-for-abstracts/> for the joint Biodiversity_Next<https://biodiversitynext.org/> conference in Leiden, The Netherlands, 19-25 October 2019 has just been extended to 5 April 2019. This conference also serves as the annual meeting for Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG<https://www.tdwg.org/>). With over sixty programmed symposia, workshops, and other events<https://biodiversitynext.org/list-of-symposia-and-workshops/> the conference will bring together major international organisations, research scientists, and policy makers to look at the horizon of data-driven biodiversity and geodiversity research and uses. Make sure to submit your abstract by this new 5 April deadline. Conference registration is scheduled to open 26 March with a limited number of super early bird registrations available. Sign up on the website for latest news, follow biodiversitynext<https://www.facebook.com/biodiversitynext/> on Facebook and Twitter @biodiv_next<https://twitter.com/biodiv_next> and use #biodiversity_next. Please spread the word to your networks! Regards, Arturo H. Ariño Biodiversity_Next Program Committee Chair and Gail Kampmeier Program Committee, biodiversity_next<https://biodiversitynext.org/> Editor-in-Chief, Biodiversity Information Science and Standards<https://biss.pensoft.net>

1 0

Re: [tdwg-content] dublin_core.xsd
by Kim Mortimer 04 Mar '19

04 Mar '19

Hi all, This is a follow up to an earlier email I sent to the list, and I'm hoping someone new might read this and have ideas. The official Darwin Core XML Schema Definition for Darwin Core Terms (https://dwc.tdwg.org/xml/tdwg_dwcterms.xsd) makes reference at line 63 in a comment to a dublin_core.xsd file, which in my estimation is a modified dcterms.xsd from Qualified Dublin Core. Unfortunately I can't find any dublin_core.xsd files through the dwc.tdwg.org site or Github to confirm this. I'm currently working on implementing Darwin Core into a GeoNetwork plugin using these XML Schema Definitions and I believe this dublin_core.xsd file explains an issue we had. Specifically, using the files specified in https://dwc.tdwg.org/xml/tdwg_dwcterms.xsd in our plugin results in dcterms namespace elements (e.g., dcterms:type) not being recognized as record level terms. Based on line 63 of https://dwc.tdwg.org/xml/tdwg_dwcterms.xsd, my guess is that dublin_core.xsd is (was?) a modified Qualified Dublin Core dcterms.xsd where the element declarations are changed to, for example, <xs:element name="modified" substitutionGroup="dwc:anyRecordLevelTerm"/> INSTEAD OF <xs:element name="modified" substitutionGroup="dcterms:date"/> I'm hoping someone on this mailing list might know whether this is true, or know of whether dublin_core.xsd exists in the format I predict. Thanks very much for your time, Kim [MERIDIAN on blue circle containing many numbers, with an orange wave pulse to the right.] Kim Mortimer Data Manager MERIDIAN - Marine Environmental Research Infrastructure for Data Integration and Application Network Institute for Big Data Analytics, Faculty of Computer Sciences, Dalhousie University p: + 1 902 494 1812 m: +1 902 880 1863 a: 6050 University Ave, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada w: https://meridian.cs.dal.ca e: k.mortimer(a)dal.ca<mailto:k.mortimer@dal.ca>

1 0

Call for participation in Audubon Core Task Group on controlled vocabularies for ac:subjectPart and ac:subjectOrientation
by Baskauf, Steven James 22 Feb '19

22 Feb '19

The TDWG Audubon Core Maintenance Group is exploring the possibility of chartering a Task Group to work on developing controlled vocabularies for ac:subjectPart (http://rs.tdwg.org/ac/terms/subjectPart) and ac:subjectOrientation (http://rs.tdwg.org/ac/terms/subjectOrientation) These controlled vocabularies would facilitate improved searching for particular views of live organism or specimen images, and would eventually become part of some TDWG standard (Audubon Core itself, or a related vocabulary). If you are interested in participating, please email Steve Baskauf at steve.baskauf(a)vanderbilt.edu with some brief information about your affiliation and reasons for interest. Also, please indicate whether you would be interested in participation as a core member (directly involved in the work of developing the vocabularies) or as a general participant (tracking what the group is doing, making suggestions, commenting, etc. but not participating in conference calls or meetings). Please feel free to share this call for participation with others who may not be on this mailing list. Steve Baskauf Audubon Core Maintenance Group convener -- Steven J. Baskauf, Ph.D. Data Science and Data Curation Specialist Jean & Alexander Heard Libraries, Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN 37235, USA Office: Eskind Biomedical Library, EMB 111 Phone: (615) 343-4582 https://my.vanderbilt.edu/baskauf/

1 0

us2ts 2019 early registration deadline approaching!
by Hilmar Lapp 19 Jan '19

19 Jan '19

( Apologies if you have seen this already. Early registration deadline is only days away. The program includes a session on semantics for biodiversity and environmental sciences: http://us2ts.org/2019/posts/program-session-vi.html ) =============================================== U.S. Semantic Technologies Symposium Series March 11-13, 2019 Duke University in Durham, NC http://us2ts.org/ Early Registration Deadline: January 22, 2019 ================================================ The early registration deadline for the 2nd U.S Semantic Technologies Symposium is coming up on January 22, 2019! Register early to get the best registration rates: http://us2ts.org/2019/posts/registration.html We are also excited to announce two exceptional keynote speakers: Jim Hendler<https://www.linkedin.com/in/jameshendler/> (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute) and Helena Deus<https://www.linkedin.com/in/helenadeus/> (Elsevier)! The program of the symposium is posted online: http://us2ts.org/2019/posts/program.html The detailed program for each session will be published next week. You still have a chance to make a contribution by submitting a lightning talk for one of the two plenary Lightning Talk sessions. The submission for Lightning Talks will be open next week on the US2TS Calls<http://us2ts.org/2019/posts/cfp.html> webpage (http://us2ts.org/2019/posts/cfp.html) The goal of the U.S. Semantic Technologies Symposium series is to bring together the U.S. Semantic Web community and begin forming such a research network. We achieve this by supporting communication across disciplinary, organizational, and geographical boundaries. The Symposium events provide a forum by which participants can share information and ideas, coordinate ongoing or planned research activities, foster synthesis and new collaborations, develop community standards, and advance their science and education through communication and the sharing of ideas. To this end, the 2019 Symposium will be an informal gathering with plenty of time for discussion and breakout sessions. We encourage anyone with an interest in the Semantic Web, regardless of field, to attend. For all questions please contact the organizers at contact-us2ts2019(a)googlegroups.com<mailto:contact-us2ts2019@googlegroups.com>.

1 0

Call for Registration - U.S. Semantic Technologies Symposium Series (us2ts 2019)
by Hilmar Lapp 13 Dec '18

13 Dec '18

Apologies for cross-posting. ============================================================ U.S. Semantic Technologies Symposium Series US2TS Call for Registration <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__us2ts.org_2019_&d=DwMFa…> http://us2ts.org/2019/posts/registration.html<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__us2ts.org_2019_posts_re…> ============================================================ Registration -------------------------------------- Early Registration deadline: Jan 22, 2019. Registration link: http://us2ts.org/2019/posts/registration.html<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__us2ts.org_2019_posts_re…> US2TS -------------------------------------- Semantic Web is an inherently multi-disciplinary field. With an ever-growing dependence on the Web and the continuously increasing importance of large-scale data sharing, integration, and reuse, natural science researchers, geoscience, biology, library science, health care, the humanities, just to name a few, have also taken an increasing interest in the Semantic Web. The U.S. Semantic Technologies Symposium (US2TS) series provide a forum to ease the division between computer science, natural science, and academia/government/industry. The list of program sessions is now available at http://us2ts.org/2019/posts/program.html<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__us2ts.org_2019_posts_pr…> Contact -------------------------------------- All questions about submissions should be emailed to contact-us2ts2019(a)googlegroups.com<mailto:contact-us2ts2019@googlegroups.com> Sponsors -------------------------------------- The following sponsors<http://us2ts.org/2019/posts/sponsor.html> have expressed their financial support for US2TS 2019: National Science Foundation<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__nsf.gov_&d=DwMFaQ&c=im…>, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__sloan.org_&d=DwMFaQ&c=…> , Artificial Intelligence Journal<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.journals.elsevier.…> Platinum sponsors: Mobi<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__mobi.inovexcorp.com_&d…>, Raytheon BBN<https://www.raytheon.com/ourcompany/bbn>, data.world<http://data.world/> Standard sponsors: IOS Press<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.iospress.nl_subjec…> [image.png] U.S. Semantic Technologies Symposium Series March 11-13, 2019 at Duke University in Durham, NC http://us2ts.org/2019/<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__us2ts.org_2019_&d=DwMFa…>

1 0

Re: [tdwg-content] Darwin Core and dcterms:location
by Tim Robertson 12 Dec '18

12 Dec '18

Hi Kim, (moving our private discussion onto this list) Thanks for the links. As far as I can see the “custom” dublin_core.xsd existed in all DwC releases from 2009 up until 2013-10-23 where it was removed. In that removal, the references to the location were also commented out (I presume meaning the modified XSD was no longer needed) though. For you to still find references to it suggests you might be using an older version of the Darwin Core XSD – is that possible? John / Peter: Do you recall why it was removed? To save searching, the modification to the DC xsd appeared to contain only the following:  <xs:element name="Location" substitutionGroup="dwc:anyClass"> <xs:complexType> <xs:choice maxOccurs="unbounded"> <xs:element ref="dwc:anyIdentifier"/> <xs:element ref="dwc:anyLocationTerm"/> <xs:element ref="dwc:anyRecordLevelTerm"/> </xs:choice> </xs:complexType> </xs:element> The commented out reference in the DwC xsd:  (see https://dwc.tdwg.org/xml/tdwg_dwc_class_terms.xsd) From: tdwg-content <tdwg-content-bounces(a)lists.tdwg.org> on behalf of Kim Mortimer <K.Mortimer(a)dal.ca> Date: Wednesday, 12 December 2018 at 20.34 To: "tdwg-content(a)lists.tdwg.org" <tdwg-content(a)lists.tdwg.org> Subject: Re: [tdwg-content] Darwin Core and dcterms:location To the TDWG mailing list and whomever it may concern, Darwin Core uses a Dublin Core element, dcterms:location, in its definition of classes and elements. However, no current XSD files for Dublin Core (that I can find) define location as an element. For reference, the current Dublin Core XSD files that I am familiar with are available at http://dublincore.org/schemas/xmls/qdc/ Given that dcterms:location is therefore an undefined element, the Darwin Core XML is invalid. This is important to me, and my employer MERIDIAN, because we are implementing Darwin Core in a GeoNetwork metadata schema plugin for our repository. To allow other documents to be validated against our schema within GeoNetwork, the entire plugin XML (which for us includes the Darwin Core XML) must be valid. I previously sent an email about this in September but did not receive any useful advice at the time. Development on our metadata repository has progressed without this element since then, as we have been tracking down other errors in GeoNetwork, but this is the current 'blocking' problem for us. The Darwin Core XSD files reference a dublin_core.xsd in their comments, which is said to contain dcterms:location. My best guess at what this refers to is https://github.com/tdwg/dwc/blob/2011-10-26/xsd/dublin_core.xsd - which is from a previous version of Darwin Core, and appears to be a custom version of http://dublincore.org/schemas/xmls/qdc/2008/02/11/dcterms.xsd - so it unclear whether this is correct or not. Given that TDWG is responsible for Darwin Core, I am hopeful that someone will have a tip or solution. My alternative is to define dcterms:location myself as a custom insertion into Dublin Core, but based on the comments in Darwin Core files I believe some suitable XSD must exist. Thank you very much for your time, Kim Mortimer [mage removed by sender. MERIDIAN on blue circle containing many numbers,] Kim Mortimer Data Manager MERIDIAN - Marine Environmental Research Infrastructure for Data Integration and Application Network Institute for Big Data Analytics, Faculty of Computer Sciences, Dalhousie University p: + 1 902 494 1812 m: +1 902 880 1863 a: 6050 University Ave, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada w: https://meridian.cs.dal.ca e: k.mortimer(a)dal.ca<mailto:k.mortimer@dal.ca>

2 1

Re: [tdwg-content] Darwin Core and dcterms:location
by Kim Mortimer 12 Dec '18

12 Dec '18

To the TDWG mailing list and whomever it may concern, Darwin Core uses a Dublin Core element, dcterms:location, in its definition of classes and elements. However, no current XSD files for Dublin Core (that I can find) define location as an element. For reference, the current Dublin Core XSD files that I am familiar with are available at http://dublincore.org/schemas/xmls/qdc/ Given that dcterms:location is therefore an undefined element, the Darwin Core XML is invalid. This is important to me, and my employer MERIDIAN, because we are implementing Darwin Core in a GeoNetwork metadata schema plugin for our repository. To allow other documents to be validated against our schema within GeoNetwork, the entire plugin XML (which for us includes the Darwin Core XML) must be valid. I previously sent an email about this in September but did not receive any useful advice at the time. Development on our metadata repository has progressed without this element since then, as we have been tracking down other errors in GeoNetwork, but this is the current 'blocking' problem for us. The Darwin Core XSD files reference a dublin_core.xsd in their comments, which is said to contain dcterms:location. My best guess at what this refers to is https://github.com/tdwg/dwc/blob/2011-10-26/xsd/dublin_core.xsd - which is from a previous version of Darwin Core, and appears to be a custom version of http://dublincore.org/schemas/xmls/qdc/2008/02/11/dcterms.xsd - so it unclear whether this is correct or not. Given that TDWG is responsible for Darwin Core, I am hopeful that someone will have a tip or solution. My alternative is to define dcterms:location myself as a custom insertion into Dublin Core, but based on the comments in Darwin Core files I believe some suitable XSD must exist. Thank you very much for your time, Kim Mortimer [MERIDIAN on blue circle containing many numbers, with an orange wave pulse to the right.] Kim Mortimer Data Manager MERIDIAN - Marine Environmental Research Infrastructure for Data Integration and Application Network Institute for Big Data Analytics, Faculty of Computer Sciences, Dalhousie University p: + 1 902 494 1812 m: +1 902 880 1863 a: 6050 University Ave, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada w: https://meridian.cs.dal.ca e: k.mortimer(a)dal.ca<mailto:k.mortimer@dal.ca>

1 0

I am seeking speakers for a proposed Biodiversity Next symposium
by Simpson, Annie 06 Dec '18

06 Dec '18

Hello, TDWG list members, I've submitted the following abstract to Biodiversity Next and would like to know if any of you would like to give a talk? I've requested a 90-minute slot. If you are interested, please email me with your name, affiliation, title, and 300 word (or less) abstract, and we will see where this goes. How can specialized databases integrate information and work better together? Is following Darwin Core enough? Invasive species databases and other specialized biodiversity information systems are being called more and more to share their information with one another (Zeller et al. 2005; Holdren 2013). Because of differences in data content and database purpose, much information from smaller datasets can be lost during the integration process into larger databases such as BISON, iDigBio, GBIF, and others (Costello et al. 2013). The effort required for cross-walking data fields and for modifying database structure to accommodate new information is significant (Diepenbroek et al. 2014). Darwin Core extensions have been, and continue to be, created to facilitate the sharing of specialized datasets (Byrd 2018). However, following the guidelines set out in these extensions can be insufficient when their structure leans toward the flexible vs. requiring the use of controlled terms. Participants in this symposium will be encouraged to share examples -- both challenges and successes -- they have encountered during their efforts to combine specialized datasets. - Byrd C (2018) Adaptation of Darwin Core Standards and Development of New Standards for Geologic Specimens. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2: e25929. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25929 - Costello MJ, Michener MK, Gahegan M, Zhang ZQ, Bourne PE (2013) Biodiversity data should be published, cited, and peer reviewed. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2013.05.002 - Diepenbroek M, Glöckner FO, Grobe P, Güntsch A, Huber R, König-Ries B, Kostadinov I, Nieschulze J, Seeger B, Tolksdorf R, Triebel D, (2014) Towards an integrated biodiversity and ecological research data management and archiving platform: the German federation for the curation of biological data (GFBio). In: Plödereder E, Grunske L, Schneider E, Ull, D (Eds.), Informatik 2014. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. p1711-1721. https://dl.gi.de/handle/20.500.12116/2782 - Holdren JP (2013) Increasing Access to the Results of Federally Funded Scientific Research. Office of Science and Technology Policy Memorandum, United States Government, Washington, DC. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/microsites/ostp/os… - Zeller D, Froese R, and Paulya D (2005) On losing and recovering fisheries and marine science data. Marine Policy 29(1):69-73. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X04000193 *Annie Simpson, biologist & information scientist* asimpson(a)usgs.gov +1 703 648 4281 desk http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8338-5134 *BISON project (http://bison.usgs.gov <http://bison.usgs.gov>)* EcoScience Synthesis Branch *Science Analytics and Synthesis Program* *U.S. Geological Survey, MS 30212201 Sunrise Valley DriveReston, Virginia 20192*

1 0